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Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge

Also known as: Bombay Hook NWR, Bombay Hook

A 16,251-acre National Wildlife Refuge on the Delaware Bay shore in Kent County, established in 1937 and stretching eight miles along the bay. Predominantly tidal salt marsh — one of the largest unbroken stretches in the Mid-Atlantic — interspersed with freshwater impoundments, upland forest, and grassland. Critical Atlantic Flyway stopover and wintering ground: snow geese, tundra swans, American black ducks, northern pintails, and dozens of shorebird species. Includes a 12-mile wildlife drive, five walking trails, three observation towers, and an active environmental-education program.

Why this listing

A 16,251-acre federal refuge, established 1937, preserving one of the Mid-Atlantic’s largest unbroken stretches of tidal salt marsh — this is foundational substrate-builder work at the federal scale. Bombay Hook is the institutional anchor for the Atlantic-Flyway side of central Delaware‘s ecology.

What the refuge holds

  • Tidal salt marsh — eight miles along Delaware Bay; the substrate for striped bass, blue crab, and dozens of fish, crustacean, and bird species
  • Freshwater impoundments — managed wetlands that hold tens of thousands of waterfowl in winter
  • Upland forest, grassland, and farm fields — diverse habitat mosaic supporting raptors, grassland birds, mammals
  • Public access — 12-mile wildlife drive, five walking trails (two handicapped-accessible), three observation towers
  • Active environmental education and hunting/photography programs

Atlantic Flyway role

Bombay Hook is one of the Atlantic Flyway‘s continental-scale wintering and stopover sites. Peak counts include tens of thousands of snow geese, thousands of tundra swans, plus American black duck, northern pintail, mallard, green-winged teal, and migratory shorebird species using the bay’s beaches and the refuge’s freshwater pools.

See also

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